Cork Free Presbyterian Church, 10 Briarscourt
(Annex) Shanakiel, Cork, Ireland
Pastor: Colin Maxwell. Email: colin.maxwell@fpcmission.org
FREE PRESBYTERIAN ISSUES -- GOSPEL ISSUES -- PROTESTANT ISSUES
-- EVANGELISM ISSUES -- CALVINISM
ISSUES -- C.H. SPURGEON INDEX -- SERMON NOTES -- MAIN PAGE
QUOTATIONS OF CHARLES HADDON SPURGEON USED IN THE BOOK
"WHAT LOVE IS THIS? CALVINISM’S MISREPRESENTATIONS OF GOD"
BY DAVE HUNT
EXAMINED AND ANSWERED BY COLIN MAXWELL
In
order to avoid getting mixed up in conspiracy theories which I cannot
prove i.e. Dave Hunt has set out to deliberately misrepresent Calvinism
and is prepared to stoop to any level to achieve his end, I am prepared
on the judgement of charity to go along with the view that he errs
through appalling ignorance. Whether I am being somewhat naïve in
this does not really concern me. I have nothing to lose by my position,
as long as I keep to the matters at hand i.e. showing him to have erred
in his fundamental perception of Spurgeon and Calvinism. If others want
to indict him for the latter…that is between them, Mr. Hunt and
God. The danger with conspiracy theories is that they can become the
centre of the debate rather than the Doctrines of Grace. I have no time
or interest in such matters. The comments in black are those of Dave
Hunt as supplied to me by a friend. My comments, as ever, in (red bracket) Any emphasis's are mine.
-o0o-
Chapter One: Why This Book?
Today
there is growing division on this issue, most Calvinists insisting that
Christ died only for the elect. On the other hand, IFCA International,
a group of about 700 independent evangelical churches and 1,200 pastors
(some of them Calvinists) declares in its doctrinal statement, "We
believe that the Lord Jesus Christ died on the cross for all
mankind…to accomplish the redemption of all who trust in
him…." Spurgeon himself, so often quoted by Calvinists to
support their view, rejected Limited Atonement, though it lies at the
very heart of Calvinism and follows inevitably from its other
points—and he did so in unequivocal language:
I
know there are some who think it necessary to their system of theology
to limit the merit of the blood of Jesus: if my theological system
needed such limitation, I would cast it to the winds. I cannot, I dare
not, allow the thought to find lodging in my mind, it seems so near
akin to blasphemy. In Christ’s finished work I see an ocean of
merit; my plummet finds no bottom, my eye discerns no
shore….Having a divine Person for an offering, it is not
consistent to conceive of limited value; bound and measure are terms
inapplicable to the divine sacrifice. 12
7 Charles Haddon Spurgeon, Autobiography of Charles H. Spurgeon (American Baptist Society, n. d.), l: 92 12 Spurgeon, op. cit., l: 174
(I
have answered this most strange allegation elsewhere on this site and
so will not attempt it here at length. Click here for a more detailed
reply to the point at hand and Click here
for 12 proofs that C.H. Spurgeon unequivocally DID believe in
Particular Redemption. Suffice for us to notice that there is a vast
difference between there being no limit on the value of Christ's death and another on there being no limit on the intention
of Christ's death. Calvinists affirm the former but not the latter. It
is because we deny the latter that we can consistently believe the
former. We believe that Christ's death will eventually achieve all that
it was intended to do. Those who believe in a general and unlimited
"redemption" rob themselves of such assurance.)
Chapter Seven: Total Depravity
Even
Spurgeon, in spite of his claim of being a staunch Calvinist, could not
accept the teaching that regeneration came before faith in Christ
through the gospel. Calvinists quote him when he supports them, but
they ignore statements such as the following:
If
I am to preach faith in Christ to a man who is regenerated, then the
man, being regenerated, is saved already, and it is an unnecessary and
ridiculous thing for me to preach Christ to him, and bid him to believe
in order to be saved when he is saved already, being regenerate. Am I
only to preach faith to those who have it? Absurd, indeed! Is not this
waiting till the man is cured and then bringing him the medicine? This
is preaching Christ to the righteous and not to sinners. 27
27 C. H. Spurgeon, "The Warrant of Faith" (Pilgrim Publications, 1978), 3. One-sermon booklet from 63-volume set.
(Spurgeon
was answering those hyper Calvinists who denied the free offer of the
gospel by claiming that only the spiritually awakened should be offered
Christ in the gospel. Spurgeon argued instead that the gospel was to
preached freely and universally to all men, whether awakened or not.
Click here for Calvin's belief in the universal gospel offer. Click
here for quotations from many Calvinists who likewise believed in the
free offer. Preaching the gospel is the means whereby God does
regenerate his elect. In his exposition of Acts 2:38, CHS could
comment: Peter was not like those hyper-Calvinists who are afraid to
give an exhortation to a sinner because he is spiritually dead, but he
spoke out boldly to those who had asked "What shall we do?" and said to
them, "Repent, and be baptised every one of you in the name of Jesus
Christ for the remission of sins." (56:725) If Mt Hunt cannot tell the
very basic difference between a hyper Calvinist and a
Calvinist…then he is no position to write a book on the subject
of Calvinism, allow it to go to press and allow it be published with
the glowing accolades that it has attracted.
Yes it is true that every staunch Calvinist believes that regeneration causes
faith in Christ through the gospel…and, despite Mr. Hunt's
statement to the contrary, so did Spurgeon. There is none can speak for
Spurgeon better than himself What does he say? One example, from among
many, will suffice:
II.
But mark, we are about to review THE ARMY THAT IMMEDIATELY PRECEDES
SALVATION; and first, in the forefront of these, there marches one
whose name we must pronounce with sacred awe. It is God, the Holy
Spirit. Before anything can be done in our salvation, there must come
that Third Person of the Sacred Trinity. Without him, faith,
repentance, humility, love, are things quite impossible. Even the blood
of our Lord Jesus Christ cannot save until it has been applied to the
heart by God the Holy Spirit. Before we notice the grand army, then,
that immediately precedes Salvation, let us be cautious that we do not
forget Him who is the leader of them all. The great King, Immortal,
invisible, the Divine person, called the Holy Ghost, the Holy Spirit:
it is he that quickens the soul, or else it would lie dead for ever; it
is he that makes it tender, or else it would never feel, it is he that
imparts efficacy to the Word preached, or else it could never reach
further than the ear; it is he who breaks the heart, it is he who makes
it whole: he, from first to last, is the great worker of Salvation in
us just as Jesus Christ was the author of Salvation for us. (Sermon on
Hebrews 6:9 New Park Street 3:598)
This
is the teaching of the standard Calvinistic Doctrinal Confessions e.g.
the 1689 Baptist Confession which Spurgeon heartily endorsed and had
reprinted in 1855.
"II.
This effectual call is of God's free and special grace alone, not from
anything at all foreseen in man, nor from any power or agency in the
creature, being wholly passive therein, being dead in sins and
trespasses, until being quickened and renewed by the Holy Spirit, he is
thereby enabled to answer this call, and to embrace the grace offered
and conveyed in it, and that by no less power than that which raised up
Christ from the dead." (10:2)
Mr. Hunt has simply misapplied Spurgeon and so robbed himself of any argument against Calvinists.)
Chapter Nine: A Distorted Sovereignty
Talbot
and Cramption assure us that "The sovereignty of God is…the most
basic principle of Calvinism…the foundation upon which all
[including Christianity itself] is built."10 Boettner agrees: "The
basic principle of Calvinism is the sovereignty of God." 11 Such fervor
for God’s sovereignty is commendable. However, in order to make
certain that everything is under His control to the extent that it must
be in order for their doctrine to be consistent, Calvinists have made
God the effective cause of every event that occurs: "Whatever is done
in time is according to his [God’s] decree in eternity."12
(This,
of course, is the teaching of the Bible. Does not God work "all things
after the counsel of His own will"? Ephesians 1:11 Click here for a
comprehensive list of verses which teach the absolute sovereignty of
God in ordering events etc.,)
This perspective makes it impossible for man to have any real choice concerning anything he thinks or does.
(Not
really. No more so, for instance, when it is said in the Bible that the
Lord Jesus went "as it was determined of him…" That Judas was
still held responsible is seen in the words which immediately follow:
"…but woe unto that man by whom he is betrayed." (Luke 22:22)
The question, of course, is "Who ultimately determined the death of the
Lord Jesus?" and we have this gloriously answered for us in Acts 2:23
"Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of
God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and
slain…" Again, note the responsibility of those men who
crucified Him…their hands that carried out this foul deed,
ordained of God from eternity past, are considered wicked. Mr. Hunt's
problem is not with Calvinism…it is with the clear declarations
of Bible.
The
fact is that God does ordain whatsoever comes to pass, but man still
acts freely. Both may have different agenda's and so man is punished
according to the wicked desire of his agenda while God is glorified in
the same event for the righteousness of His agenda. In Genesis 50:20
Joseph's brethren sent him to Egypt with evil intentions…God had
ordained the same event before hand for Joseph's good. The brethren get
(and take) the blame - God takes the glory. If God does not ordain
these things - He hardly deserves the glory.")
Spurgeon referred to "a class of strong-minded hard-headed men who magnify sovereignty at the expence of [human] responsibility."13
13
Charles Haddon Spurgeon, "God’s Will and Man’s Will,"
No.442 (Newington, Metropolitan Tabernacle; sermon delivered Sunday
morning, March 30, 1862).
(This
is a reference to hyper Calvinists who are, relatively speaking, a
fringe group. Mr Hunt and others may well feel some satisfaction
attacking the fringe groups. Fair enough. Spurgeon battled with the
hyper's regularly and sought - as any Calvinist will do - to distance
himself from them. This is the norm in any doctrine. Many
Dispensationalists, for instance, will distance themselves from those
whom they brand "hyper Dispensationalists." Others who use only the KJV
will seek to distance themselves from the Ruckmanites. It is one thing,
however, to have a go at the Hypers…it is quite another to try
and tar everyone with the same brush. Whether done by ignorance or with
other intentions, the result is very unsatisfactory. No one gains. The
truth suffers on both sides.
To locate and finish the quotation given above by Mr. Hunt also shows us that Spurgeon had another group of people in mind:
"I
believe that the two great doctrines of human responsibility and divine
sovereignty have both been brought out the more prominently in the
Christian Church by the fact that there is a class of strong-minded
hard-headed men who magnify sovereignty at the expense of
responsibility; and another earnest and useful class who uphold and
maintain human responsibility oftentimes at the expense of divine
sovereignty."
He
is having a go at the hyper Calvinists on one hand and folk like Mr
Hunt who deny that God has ordained whatsoever comes to pass and
effectively leaves some events either to the control of sinful men or
blind random chance. Spurgeon and Calvinists believe in both divine
sovereignty and man's responsibility.)
Chapter Eleven: Erasmus And Luther In Debate
The
defence of Calvinism traps even the best minds into contradictions.
Spurgeon himself couldn’t seem to make up his mind. In spite of
referring to "the equally sure doctrine, that the will of man has its proper position in the work of salvation and is not to be ignored," Spurgeon also claimed that the idea of free will "left
the whole economy of Grace and mercy to be the gathering together of
fortuitous atoms impelled by man’s own will!"27
(If
Mr. Hunt has it in his mind that Calvinists deny the freedom of the
creature to act according to the dictates of his own heart or that his
will is suspended in any way - then he is naturally going to assume
that Calvinist's contradict themselves. But since Calvinist's don't
deny this, then Mr. Hunt is merely building sand castles and kicking
them down. Good fun on a summer's day on the beach…but hardly
helpful to the current debate. The Baptist Confession and the
Westminster Confession of Faith both have a chapter entitled "Of Free
Will" and the natural thing to do would be to consult what they have to
say.)
That,
obviously, was not true. "Fortuitous atoms" have nothing to do with
"Grace and mercy," nor does anyone who believes in man’s power to
make moral choices imagine that he can control atoms with his will!
Spurgeon should have stayed with biblical exegesis.
(Perhaps
Mr. Hunt has a point here. I have difficulty explaining what Spurgeon
meant in this particular sentence. However, Spurgeon's overall point is
true…even if Mr. Hunt decides otherwise.)
He went on to lament, "We cannot tell on that theory whether God will be glorified or sin will triumph."
Hardly. That we wouldn’t know how something would turn out means
nothing. The outcome was and is known to God. We have already seen that
God’s foreknowledge does not determine or even influence in any
way man’s actions, nor is His sovereignty diminished at all by
man’s free choice.
(Mr.
Hunt here reduces God to be a mere spectator. Man is in the driving
seat and God is seen to be reactionary. Does he apply this theory to
the Cross? Did God merely foresee that men would crucify His Son and as
a kind of after thought made the best of their bad job to make
salvation potential even for those whom He also foresaw would be in
Hell when He sent His Son? I think not, Mr. Hunt.)
Sadly, great preacher that he was, in that sermon Spurgeon erected and destroyed one straw man after another: "It
must either be as God wills, or as man wills….If not God, then
you put man there, to say, ‘I will,’ or ‘I will
not.’ If I will it, I will enter Heaven. If I will it, I
will…conquer the Holy Spirit, for I am stronger than God and
stronger than Omnipotence. If I will it, I will make the blood of
Christ of no effect…it shall be my purpose that shall make His
purpose stand, or make it fall."28 With
all respect to Spurgeon, this is nonsense. Even the rankest Arminian
would never imagine he could "conquer the Holy Spirit" or that he was
"stronger than God" or that man’s will could ever "make the blood
of Christ of no effect" or force an entrance into heaven!
(Regarding
the Holy Spirit, it is true no Arminian would ever imagine that he
could, as it were, knock out the Holy Spirit, but he does believe that
it is at least theoretically possible that every last sinner could have
resisted Him and rendered His work of striving etc., null and void.
Calvinists believe that every last sinner, if left to himself, has this
capacity…but then we also believe that God actively and
graciously intervenes in the lives of certain sinners, renews their
corrupted and depraved will, and draws them savingly to Himself. There
was never any possibility that Heaven would be empty because God
decreed otherwise. But the Arminian effectively believes that in the
matter of salvation, every last man is just as strong as the Holy
Spirit. He can keep Him at bay. He can render His strivings vain and
meanwhile God just sits back and takes it all on the chin…all
because it is thought that to pre-ordain men to everlasting life is
seen to violate man's perceived neutral free will.
Mr.
Hunt's knowledge of Arminians is as dodgy as his knowledge of
Calvinists. Speaking at Keswick in 1923, Dr Graham Scroggie, whose
teachings may be described as that of many evangelicals, said:
"We
are bidden to make a choice. No one can choose for us. God Almighty
cannot chose for you and me. I can put the God who made me, and who
gives me the breath that I breathe, at arm's length and say. 'I will
not' or I can turn to Him, through the gracious operation of the Holy
Spirit and receive His salvation." (Keswick Week 1923)
There
is much here that is true if we look at it from man's responsibility.
But baldly stated, here we have one designated as "God Almighty"
controlled by the sinful creature. Does God always stay at arm's length
unable to intervene until man gives Him the nod? Must man move first
and then God, the great Second Fiddler of the Universe, merely respond?
It was this kind of thinking which Spurgeon deplored and preached
against.
When
Spurgeon spoke of making the blood of Christ of none effect, he relates
to the Arminian belief that God's Son did not achieve anything in
particular when He died. He just made salvation possible for every last
son of Adam. If some don't want it, then what happens to that blood
shed with the intention of saving them? It most certainly has failed in
its intention. Man in his Arminian granted sovereignty has overrode the
purposes of God and the blood has, as it were, been lost. It is true
that no Arminian might actually say this. It doesn't sound
right…but it is the logical outcome of a belief that refuses to
consider that the Cross actually achieved what it intended to do -
actually save those for whom it actually atones.
I
might quote here from a book that was written by some otherwise fine
Christian folk who endured much for the gospel sake. I salute their
brave stand in the midst of adversity just as I salute those brave
Calvinist Covenanters etc., However, I must take issue with the
following thought expressed that: "The
value of that precious blood - I say it reverently - is being wasted."
(Through Encouragement of the Scriptures by Helen Willis p.181)
No Calvinist need ever say this, because we believe that every soul for
whom Christ died will be gathered in and not one drop was shed in vain
or made of no effect.
I
note that Mr. Hunt has not given any reference for Mr. Spurgeon
claiming that Arminians believe that they can force their way into
Heaven. Suffice for us to know that even if he did say it - or any
Calvinist should allege it - it would only be a somewhat strong though
rhetorical point being made. Many Arminians do not force through the
logic of their own system of thought. Somewhat rather blissfully, if
they are going to miss the blessing of the Calvinistic belief, they are
permitted to float around in a kind of vagueness that saves them from
the logically nightmares of their doctrine. Spurgeon observed that
there are a thousand more horrors associated with unlimited atonement
than with the Calvinistic system (Sermon 204 New Park Street Pulpit
4:553) If we deny God the right to deal with men differently, leaving
some men in their chosen sin and lifting other men out of
it…then we really do cast a shadow upon His mercy. Mercy cannot
know any obligation. By insisting that God have the intention to save
all because His intention is to save some is to try and force open a
door which God has not opened. As we say, there is no evidence supplied
that Spurgeon ever made the point. Should Mr. Hunt see fit to produce
some - I suggest that the explanation given will help put it in to its
proper context. )
Like
so many other Calvinists in their zeal to defend God’s
sovereignty to the exclusion of human will, Spurgeon stooped to
twisting scripture to his own ends.
(What's
this? Have we not just considered that Spurgeon denounced those who
took this position as "a class of strong-minded hard-headed men who
magnify sovereignty at the expense of [human] responsibility." Mr. Hunt
supplied the very quote himself…but despite knowing this, he
decides to cast Spurgeon among them anyway. Those who would go the
conspiracy theory route would make much out of this. I am content to
maintain my line that Mr. Hunt has played the fool and erred
exceedingly here. Confusion reigns! Like every balanced Calvinist,
Spurgeon defended God's sovereignty and maintained the place of the
human will. The quotes below will not prove otherwise.)
For example, he quotes Christ’s indictment of the rabbis, "You will not come to Me that you might have life." He then declares, "Where
is free will after such a text as that? When Christ affirms that they
will not, who dares say they will…? Man is so depraved, so set
on mischief, the way of salvation is so obnoxious to his pride, so
hateful to his lusts, that he cannot like it and will not like it,
unless he who ordained the plan shall change his nature and subdue his
will."29 Here we have more confusion and misapplication.
(Only
if we forget that the term "freewill" carries many meanings. Spurgeon
does not deny that man's will is free to follow the dictates of his
heart…He just denies the thought that man's will is free from
the sinful bias of the heart to do good unaided. When Calvinist's
denounce "freewill" they are denouncing the Arminian interpretation of
it, not the Biblical teaching. If Mr. Hunt fails to observe this, then
I suggest that the confusion and misapplication belongs to him, as it
does in other parts of his book.)
First of all, Christ is making this statement specifically to the rabbis, not to all men.
(Although
spoken first to the rabbis, it is applicable naturally speaking to all
men. The carnal mind does not receive the things of the Spirit of God
(1 Corinthians 2:14) whether that carnal mind is found in Jerusalem or
Corinth in the first century or the twenty first century. I reject Mr.
Hunt's limitation of the verse.)
Secondly,
the statement itself says that they have a will, that by their own will
they are rejecting Him: "You will not come to Me…."
(Calvinists believe that men do
reject Christ of their own will. Because the will is in bondage to the
heart, they believe that all men left to themselves will freely reject
Christ. No man is forced by God to reject Christ. The human will do the
job freely. Mr. Hunt therefore makes a valid observation with which
every Calvinist will agree.)
Nor does Christ say that they cannot will to do otherwise.
(Not
here He doesn't. But no verse is an island. He does state it as such in
John 6:44 and again in John 6:65. The sinner cannot come because sin
has robbed him of the power to come. The problem is moral…not
physical. Do not entertain thoughts that God is standing with a big
stick beating down the anxious sinner who would be saved, but whose
name is not among the elect. That scenario will never happen. Man's
will is blinded by the god of this world i.e. Satan (2 Corinthians 4:4)
and until enlightened and regenerated by divine grace, he will never
have that real desire to be saved.)
Indeed, Christ’s statement would be meaningless unless they could of their own will repent and come to Him.
(Christ's
statement would be meaningless if they were not responsible for coming.
Although sin robs them of their power - sin for which they are guilty -
it does not rob them of their responsibility. No man can sin himself
beyond being responsible to God, but he can sin himself further and
further into a state of reprobation. Mr. Hunt confuses responsibility
with ability. I have observed this on other anti Calvinist sites also.
It is a reoccurring problem in the debate between the two main schools
of thought.)
Only two chapters later Christ declares, "If any man will do God’s will, he shall know of the doctrine, whether it be of God…"
(John 7:17). Spurgeon himself in this same sermon quotes this scripture
as proof that man’s will has a part to play in coming to
Christ.30 27
Charles Haddon Spurgeon, "God’s Will and Man’s Will,"
No.442 (Newington: Metropolitan Tabernacle; sermon delivered Sunday
morning, March 30, 1862). 28 Ibid. 29 Ibid. 30 Ibid.
(The
Calvinist belief is not inconsistent with these words. They guarantee
any man who does desire to do the will of God that his choice will be
amply repaid by knowing the authenticity of the doctrine. The Calvinist
simply believes that the man who fits this verse is the man whose will
has been regenerated by the Spirit of God. He has been made willing in
the day of God's power: Psalm 110:3)
Chapter Fifteen: Foreknowledge And Predestination/Election
The
fact that foreknowledge pertains to something about those whom God then
elects or predestines to some favor or blessing is clear from the
passages above. The Greek kata carries the meaning of homogeneity or
harmony. Thus God’s election/predestination was in agreement, or
harmony, with something He foreknew about those whom He predestined to
partake of the declared blessings. What could that have been? Surely
the most obvious possibility would be that God foreknew who would
repent and believe the gospel and on that basis He predestined them to
something unique: "to be conformed to the image of his Son" and "unto
obedience."
(I
am not an expert in Greek - neither for that matter is Mr. Hunt - but I
do notice that he reduces his exposition of the foreknowledge of God to
being "the most obvious possibility" which isn't exactly reassuring.
Since none can give unto God first (Romans 11:35-36) and we love Him
because He first loved us - and not vice versa (1 John 4:19) - I think
we can safely forget Mr. Hunt's possibility.)
Apparently departing from his oft-professed Calvinism, Spurgeon declared:
Mark,
then, with care, that OUR CONFORMITY TO CHRIST IS THE SACRED OBJECT OF
PREDESTINATION….The Lord in boundless grace has resolved that a
company whom no man can number…shall be restored to His image,
in the particular form in which His Eternal Son displays it…the
likeness of the Lord from Heaven. [Emphasis in original] 37
(How
is it a departure from Calvinism to believe the clear statement of
Romans 8:29 that the great end or purpose of predestination is holiness
or conformity of Christ? Has any main Calvinist or Calvinist body or
confession said otherwise? Or is this another sand castle quickly built
and easily demolished? Men are predestinated unto salvation. Salvation
consists of justification, sanctification and glorification.
Justification is forensic - it takes place outside the believer.
Sanctification is internal as will be glorification in a yet future
day. Sanctification is basically our being conformed to the image of
Christ. Therefore the sacred object of predestination may be said to be
our conformity to Christ. If I am being inconsistent with any
Calvinistic creed…please email me and tell me which.)
Piper insists that "God
does not foreknow the free decisions of people to believe in him
because there aren’t any such free decisions to know."
(True…if
understood in the classic Calvinist way that man's will is in bondage
to his wicked heart and that he is free only to do evil. Or as Paul
puts it "free from righteousness." (Romans 6:20) Any other way would be
a denial of the Bible.)
We’re back to man as a puppet again, with God pulling the strings, an essential part of Calvinism.
(No
we're not. We have come to another sandcastle. Calvinists do not
believe that man is a puppet. Spurgeon met with this kind of nonsense
in his day. He had these words to say to the Victorian predecessors of
Mr. Hunt (Emphasis mine)
"Conversion
is a change which concerns the mind, the affections, the spirit; it is
not a physical manipulation as some foolish persons fancy, who appear
to think that God converts men by force, and turns them over as a man
would roll a stone. The Lord operates upon men as men, not as blocks of
wood; God speaks to them, instructs them, reveals truth to them,
encourages them to hope, and graciously influences them for good. Man
is left free, for "God speaketh once, yea, twice, yet man perceiveth it
not," and yet in God's own wise and suitable manner, he is at length
led to cry, "I have sinned and perverted that which is right, and it
profited me not."
"But
in those times, as now, it was necessary that God should do more than
speak to the outer ear, he therefore came nearer still, and by his Holy
Spirit led men really to hear what he spake. He did not leave men to
their wills, neither did he trust their conversion to the eloquence of
preachers, or to the cogency of arguments, but he himself came and
opened men’s ears, and pressed the truth home upon their
understandings, and made it operative upon their entire nature. Man was
so proud that no one else could humble him but God; and he was so
wilful, that no one could withdraw him from his purpose but the Lord
alone: but the Lord in condescension did the deed, and made the man
obedient and humble. Indeed, the Lord is described in this chapter as
the main cause of all the work accomplished. Sermon on Job 33:19-20 MTP
19:182 )
But without free choice man would not be a morally responsible being
nor could he love God, know God’s love, receive the gift of
salvation or have meaningful communion with God or worship Him.
(Calvinists
believe that man lost his free will in the Garden of Eden i.e. his
ability to naturally do spiritual good. He did not lose His
responsibility to God because if we could sin that away…then men
could "go for it" and sin themselves out of the requirement to do God's
will. Which cannot be. When men do love God, know His love, receive the
gift of salvation or have meaningful communion with God or worship
Him…it is because grace has overcome their naturally bias
against Him. Unregenerate men have the ability to hate God and spurn
Him etc., Only those whom God moves by His Spirit have the ability to
do otherwise.)
Here is Spurgeon again in another of those un-Calvinistic statements: "Shall we never be able to drive into men’s minds the truth that predestination and free agency are both facts?" 46
(Another
sandcastle. No references…just Mr. Hunt expecting his readers to
be gullible enough to believe it because he says so. Calvinists believe
in both predestination and man's free agency. Free agency is a
different thing from freewill as believed by the Arminian. )
Chapter Twenty One: Persuasion, The Gospel And God
If
grace truly is irresistible, if only those elected by God to salvation
can be saved, if no one can believe the gospel until regenerated by God
and thereafter given the faith to believe, would it not be vain to
attempt to persuade anyone through the gospel—or for those who
hear to attempt to believe in Christ?
(No
more so than being assured that the day of our death is appointed by
God (Hebrews 9:27) but we still insist on eating healthy food, wearing
sensible clothing and partaking of medical help when sick etc., Not one
of the more challenging statements against Calvinism.)
Since
there is nothing one can do to change one’s eternal destiny (if
one of the elect, nothing can stand between the soul and heaven; and if
not among the elect, nothing can be done to escape hell)
shouldn’t one just go on with life and let the inevitable take
its course?
(No.
Let's take a silly illustration (entering into the spirit of things)
Suppose I decide to jump from a hundred foot building. I do so on the
basis that if it I die, it must have been ordained of God that I would
so die. On the other hand, I might argue that God has ordained that I
should die at a ripe old age with my eyes undimmed and my natural force
unabated and therefore I feel I can snub my nose at the laws of
gravity. I jump and I die on impact. What is the main lesson to be
learnt? Is it not that God ordained that I should pay the price of my
folly in jumping in the first place? I might trust in God…I also
keep my powder dry.
It
is incorrect to say that nothing stands between the soul and Heaven.
Sin stands there and it is my responsibility as a free agent to seek to
have that sin removed. In order that I might do so, I do what any
responsible, rational soul will do - I will earnestly attend
those means which God has appointed for the removal of sin. I will
attend the preaching of the gospel. I will read my Bible. I will read
helpful Christian literature. I will talk to those who know what I
should do. Through use of means, I will come savingly to Jesus Christ
who alone can save me from this sin that stands between me and Heaven
and I will have Him save me.
If
I sit back as Mr. Hunt suggests (rhetorically of course) then I am
guilty of neglecting so great salvation. (Hebrews 2:3) I go to hell as
a fool who said in his heart: There is no God or (as some would have
it) There is no God for me.)
While
many Calvinists would object to this view, it cannot be denied that
this is the practical conclusion to which that dogma leads.
(Not
really. It is the practical outcome of a hyper Calvinism which denies
man's responsibility. But true Calvinists cannot be charged with it,
even if Mr. Hunt, in his ignorance, thinks we can.)
Yet Calvinists often contradict themselves because they slip into an evangelism mode.
(As
seen by our belief that God uses means to fulfil His decrees, it is not
a contradiction of Calvinism (rather a re-affirmation) to evangelise
the lost. This objection is a non starter.)
At
times, D. James Kennedy, founder of Evangelism Explosion, makes it
sound not only as though salvation is available to all but even that
faith precedes regeneration: "Place your trust in [Christ]. Ask Him to
come in and be born in you today."3 Contrary to his professed
Calvinism, Spurgeon taught that "soul-winning is the chief business of
the Christian…."4
(Three points.
One: salvation is to be offered indiscriminately to all men, elect or
not. To Calvinists, all men are potentially elect. To quote Spurgeon: :
"And now, my dear hearers, I have one question to ask, and I have done.
Have you the hope that you are in the covenant? Have you put your trust
in the blood? Remember, though you imagine, perhaps, from what I have
been saying, that the gospel is restricted, that the gospel is freely
preached to all. The decree is limited, but the good news is as wide as
the world. The good spell, the good news, is as wide as the universe. I
tell it to every creature under heaven, because I am told to do so. The
secret of God, which is to deal with the application, that is
restricted to God’s chosen ones, but not the message, for that is
to be proclaimed to all nations."(5:671) This is not inconsistent with
Calvinism, as the links referred to above will adequately bear out. We
are dangerously near the sand castles again.
Two.
I can only suggest that Mr. Kennedy made a slip of the pen or the
tongue. Of this, we are all capable. Strictly speaking…
regeneration precedes faith.
Three:
As explained above, evangelism is not inconsistent with Calvinism. Many
of the greatest names in evangelism were Calvinists. Mr. Hunt would
only destroy his own credibility completely to state otherwise.)
A Calvinist author declares, "If
God only saves people who of their own supposed free will accept Jesus,
then they merit salvation. They deserve to be saved….The notion
of free will exalts man because man elects God and God only ratifies
man’s choice." There is great confusion on this matter of the
will because there is no escaping the fact that, as Spurgeon admitted,
"Man’s will has its proper place in the matter of
salvation….When a man receives the Divine Grace of Christ, he
does not receive it against his will….Nor again, mark you, is
the will taken away. For God does not come and convert the intelligent
free agent into a machine." 65*
(We
have already covered this ground before. If there is confusion, it is
because the term free wills means different things to different men. It
is not unjust to have the Calvinist bear at least of the blame for
this, although it should be said also that books like this of Mr. Hunt
which seem to make little effort to get to the truth but rely instead
on rehashing old myths etc., are certainly no help.)
In
the same sermon, however, Spurgeon denounces the idea that man can
choose whether to believe in Christ or not as making "the purpose of
God in the great plan of salvation entirely contingent [upon
man’s will]." His objection is to man’s "coming to God
[being] the result of his unassisted nature." 66* Who would say that
man can come to God "unassisted" by the Holy Spirit? Not even the
rankest Arminian! But Calvinism makes that false charge against those
who disagree with its extremism.
(Here
is a good example of why you should check out every reference that is
given. I looked up the said sermon, mainly because I usually check my
references and we am getting to the place where Mr. Hunt's absurdities
really do need to be challenged. I give the full quote:
"4.
But there is another argument which will come closer home to us. It is
consistent with the universal experience of all God’s people that
salvation is of God’s will. You will say, "I have not had a very
long life, I have not, but I have had a very extensive acquaintance
with all sections of the Christian Church, and I solemnly protest
before you, that I have never yet met with a man professing to be a
Christian, let alone his really being so, who ever said that his coming
to God was the result of his unassisted nature. Universally, I believe,
without exception, the people of God will say it was the Holy Spirit
that made them what they are; that they should have refused to come as
others do unless God’s grace had sweetly influenced their wills.
There are some hymns in Mr. Wesley’s hymn-book which are stronger
upon this point than I could ever venture to be, for he puts prayers
into the lips of the sinner in which God is even asked to force him to
be saved by grace. Of course I can take no objection to a term so
strong, but it goes to prove this, that among all sections of
Christians, whether Arminian or Calvinistic, whatever their doctrinal
sentiments may be, their experimental sentiments are the same."
Even
if Spurgeon is building his own sandcastles and kicking them down on
this point - none would either deny him being capable of doing so or
excuse it when he does - he is pointing out that it is the common
belief of all Calvinists and Arminians that a man cannot to Christ
unassisted. In this we all agree. That is until Mr. Hunt gets going
again with his own sandcastles as the next paragraph shows.)
Indeed,
it goes beyond man being assisted [i.e., drawn by God through the
conviction and power of the Holy Spirit and the Word] to insist that
man must be forced, caused, made to come completely against his will.
(No
references. Just Mr. Hunt regurgitating the old myths answered above.
The saddest man is the man who believes his propaganda. Let me say once
again…man has his will graciously renewed so that the cause that
hold's it back from salvation is removed and he is enabled to flee to
Christ. A far cry from the caricature Mr. Hunt is putting forward.)
It
is that word "irresistible" associated with grace that causes the
problem because it allows no willingness on man’s part.
(Why
should it? I have never met a man yet who complained that he was drawn
irresistibly and graciously (the two words should not be separated as
Mr. Hunt is trying to do) I have met those who would readily admit that
had grace not have been irresistible then they would have sat on in
their sin. How thankful we are that grace is thus so powerful.)
And
that raises the same libel against God that we have referred to
repeatedly: if man is totally incapable of believing and must be
irresistibly dragged to Christ, then Calvin’s reprobation results.
(Here
irresistible grace like it's Master is wounded in the house of its
friends. We do not believe that men are irresistibly dragged to Christ.
As above, we believe in irresistible grace. No man ever came
unwillingly to Jesus Christ for salvation.
I
do not have access here to what Mr. Hunt thinks Calvin believed about
reprobation. I sincerely hope that he has written more factually about
that matter than he has about the matters raised here. He has been
really disappointing up to now. Quoting from our page which dispels
many of the myths that are generally believed re: Calvinism, I produce
the following from Calvin. Calvin believed, as all Calvinists believe,
that salvation is all of grace…damnation all of sin.
CALVIN:
[The Reprobate] are not induced to sin, as the faithful are to act
aright, by the impulse of the Spirit, but they are the authors of their
own evil, and follow Satan as their leader. [Commentary on Genesis]
Such blinding and hardening…must be ascribed exclusively to the depravity of man. (Commentary on Isaiah the Prophet)
If
it detracts from God’s glory for man to be able to respond
willingly to the gospel, then surely it also detracts from God’s
love for Him not to cause all mankind to respond.
(The
first argument is built on an "if" which does not now exist. Man
unregenerate cannot respond willingly to the gospel. If, as Mr. Hunt
asserts, that it also detracts from God's love for Him not to cause all
mankind to respond…then Mr. Hunt must believe that it does
detract from God's love because God has not caused all mankind to
respond. Mr. Hunt has not only here built a sandcastle…he has
dug a hole and fallen headlong into the same.
The
simple fact is…God is not obliged to save any. Therefore He is
not obliged to save all. None can put God under any obligation to the
creature.)
There
is no escaping the fact that the will is essential in any meaningful
relationship between man and man, and between man and God. After
denouncing "free will," Spurgeon ends that sermon by quoting, "Whosoever will, let him come, and take the water of life freely." 66*
In
spite of his staunch support for Calvinism at times, what Spurgeon said
at other times undermined it. As though he had forgotten about
irresistible grace, he argued:
We
are not saved against our will. Nor…is the will taken away. For
God does not come and convert the intelligent free agent into a
machine….But we do hold and teach that though the will of man is
not ignored…the work of the Spirit…is to change the human
will, and so make men willing….
Now,
Brethren, how is your heart and my heart changed in any matter? Why,
the instrument generally is persuasion. A friend sets before us a truth
we did not know before. He pleads with us. Puts it in a new light and
then we say, "Now, I see that," and our hearts are changed towards the
thing….The Spirit makes a revelation of the Truth of God to the
soul, whereby it sees things in a different light from what it ever did
before. And then the will cheerfully bows that neck which was stiff as
iron and wears the yoke which once it despised….
Yet,
mark, the will is not gone….If you are willing, depend upon it
that God is willing. Soul, if you are anxious after Christ, He is more
anxious after you….Let your willingness to come to Christ be a
hopeful sign and symptom.
He ended the sermon with, "It
is not of him that wills, nor of him that runs, but of God that shows
mercy. Yet—‘whosoever will, let him come, and take the
water of life freely,’" 69
[*Footnotes 65, 66, & 66 are errors. They should be 66, 67 & 68, the editor]
4 Charles Haddon Spurgeon, The Soul Winner (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1963), 15.
66
Charles Haddon Spurgeon, "God’s Will and Man’s Will,"
No.442 (Newington: Metropolitan Tabernacle; sermon delivered Sunday
morning, March 30, 1862).
67 Ibid.
68 Ibid.
69 Spurgeon, "God’s Will," op. cit.
(No…having
denounced the Arminian notion of free will, Spurgeon quotes the last
invitation of the Bible as it stands and so endorses the Biblical
teaching of free will or as it is better called (to try and prevent the
confusion mentioned above) free agency. Whether Mr. Hunt grasps this
will remain to be seen.)
Chapter Twenty Three: Resting In God’s Love
Somehow
a little booklet by Spurgeon fell into Al’s hands and he was
excited to read that even that great preacher and staunch Calvinist
admitted that he’d had no perception at the time of his
conversion that God had sovereignly regenerated him nor could he
imagine at what point that could have happened. Spurgeon confessed, "When
I was coming to Christ, I thought I was doing it all myself—I
sought the Lord earnestly…." It was not until some time later
that he realized that "God was at the bottom of it all….He was
the Author of my faith, and so the whole doctrine of grace opened up to
me…." 20 He closed his sermon declaring that those Christians who are most pious, reverent and devoted to the Lord "believe that they are saved by Grace, without works, through faith, and that not of themselves, it is the gift of God." 21 That sounded like his non-Calvinist friends, and the way he had believed before becoming a Calvinist!
20 Charles Haddon Spurgeon, "A Defense of Calvinism," single-sermon booklet (Still Waters Revival Books, n.d.), 3-4.
21 Op. cit., 22.
(I'm
not altogether sure of the point which Mr. Hunt is trying to make here
- if indeed there is any point at all. Spurgeon's experience merely
shows that a man does not have to be able to articulate the details of
the Doctrines of Grace or even agree with them in theory in order to be
saved. You could hold to the Doctrines of grace and still be in Hell.
It is one thing to have the Doctrines of Grace…quite another to
have the Grace of the Doctrines. Only the latter will ultimately get a
man to Heaven.)
END OF QUOTES FROM HUNT'S BOOK
So
there you have it. Quite a few sandcastles lovingly built up and
scattered to the four winds. I doubt if any solid Calvinists will be
moved by Mr. Hunt's testimony against them. There was nothing in these
quotes I have never come across before. Just the same old tired myths
doing the rounds again. Perhaps Mr. Hunt might gain a few waverers to
his cause. We are sorry to see them go, but we may content ourselves to
know that if it wasn't this particular book, then it would probably
have been another. Perhaps they will come back again when they realise
that they have been sold a proverbial pup. Perhaps the first tide will
tell a story.
Colin Maxwell.
HELPFUL URL's WITHIN THIS SITE
* What CHS thought of John Calvin and Calvinism in general
* What CHS thought of Total Depravity in particular
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* What CHS thought of Limited Atonement in particular
* What CHS thought of Irresistible Grace in particular
* What CHS thought of Perseverance of the Saints in particular
Many helpful articles about Calvinism in our Calvinism Index
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